14.3 Review of Guttural Principles

Gutterals play by their own rules

• Gutturals and Resh reject Dagesh Forte, often resulting in compensatory Lengthening:
  • From \(I\) to \(\bar E\)
  • From \(A\) to \(\bar A\)
  • From \(U\) to \(\bar O\)
• Gutturals take Hateph Vowels instead of Vocal Sheva
  • Usually Hateph Patach, sometimes Hateph Seghol, rarely Hateph Qamets Hatuf
  • This can affect the preceding vowel, as well as the vowel associated with the guttural:
    • NOT עְמַדְתֶּם*, BUT עֲמַדְתֶּם
• Gutturals prefer Patach
  • NOT יִשְׁלֹח*, BUT יִשְׁלַח